Creating a Bar Menu with PyQt5 and Tkinter in Python

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Menu bars are an important part of the graphical user interface (GUI) in many applications. They provide users with navigation through the application and access to various functions and commands. In this article, we will look at how to create menu bars using PyQt5 and Tkinter libraries in Python.

PyQt5

PyQt5 is a set of Python packages that provides access to the Qt library, allowing you to create graphical user interfaces. Creating a bar menu with PyQt5 is quite simple. Here's an example:

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QAction

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
    def initUI(self):
        self.setWindowTitle('Пример Меню Бара')
        
        menubar = self.menuBar()
        file_menu = menubar.addMenu('Файл')
        
        exit_action = QAction('Выход', self)
        exit_action.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
        exit_action.triggered.connect(self.close)
        
        file_menu.addAction(exit_action)
        
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 600, 400)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MainWindow()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

In this example we are creating a main window (MainWindow) and add a menu bar to it. We then create a File menu with an Exit action that closes the application when selected.

Tkinter

Tkinter is the standard Python library for creating graphical user interfaces. Creating a bar menu with Tkinter is also quite simple:

import tkinter as tk

def exit_app():
    root.quit()

root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Пример Меню Бара')

menubar = tk.Menu(root)

file_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
file_menu.add_command(label="Выход", command=exit_app)

menubar.add_cascade(label="Файл", menu=file_menu)

root.config(menu=menubar)
root.geometry('600x400')

root.mainloop()

Here we create the main window (Tk()) and add a menu bar to it. We then create a File menu with an Exit command that closes the application when selected.

Conclusion

Both examples demonstrate how easy it is to create menu bars using PyQt5 and Tkinter in Python. You can customize and expand them by adding more actions and submenus as needed. Working with menu bars makes your applications more user-friendly and improves their functionality.